Evidence trail · Wellbeing

Get effective depression treatment to adults missing out

Delivery risk: AmberFurther checks needed

Not stated in the review record; treated as a provisional single-reviewer assessment, not an approved business case.

Scoring overview · equal weights

Range if completed: 19 to 22 out of 30 (equal weights). Not yet assessed: incremental affordability.

← Back to the planOn its topic page: Health →

The golden thread for this option, step by step. A dashed step is missing — shown as a gap, never filled in. Provisional single-reviewer assessment; not an approved business case, and not government policy.

  1. Step 1: Topic headlineIn place

    Health

    Britain is losing healthy years.

    Priority: Help people stay healthy for longer and reduce avoidable gaps in health. What would change it →

  2. Step 2: Deep diveIn place

  3. Step 3: EvidenceIn place

    NICE provides treatment evidence and clinical recommendations. They do not establish that a new access pathway reaches additional patients or that sufficient therapists are available.

    Sources: nice.org.uk

    The action record · experimental or quasi-experimental evaluation

    Reliable recovery at six months was 58.5% with the Norwegian adaptation against 31.9% with usual care, with no effect on work participation. In England, service features such as the number of sessions, waiting time and the share of referrals treated predicted outcomes, and deprivation was associated with worse outcomes.

    Sources: NICE, Depression in adults: treatment and management (NG222) (Sections 1.5 and 1.6); Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 89(2):90–105, Effectiveness of Prompt Mental Health Care, the Norwegian version of Improving Access to Psychological Therapies: a randomized controlled trial (Abstract); The Lancet 391(10121):679–686, Transparency about the outcomes of mental health services (IAPT approach): an analysis of public data (Abstract); NHS England Digital, NHS Talking Therapies for anxiety and depression, annual report 2025-26 (Main CSV, deprivation decile rows)

    8 October research follow-up · AI-assisted

    NICE supports clinically appropriate treatments; that evidence does not quantify the effect or budget of expanding a particular local service.

    The proposed design, costing task and safeguards are in the assessment below. These sources do not make an incomplete appraisal complete.

  4. Step 4: Competing optionsIn place

    Funded now (current baseline)
    Funded baseline: NHS Talking Therapies (1.81m referrals and 674,683 finished courses in England in 2025–26), with ring-fenced funding and a planning target of 805,000 courses by the end of 2026/27 and 915,000 by 2028/29. Targeting extra capacity at the areas with the lowest completion and recovery is a UK Facts proposal, not government policy.
    The change assessed
    Close a verified access gap for clinically appropriate NICE-recommended adult depression treatment, with supervision and an escalation route.

    Other options assessed on Health

    • Introduce minimum unit pricing for alcohol in England

      Delivery risk: AmberFurther checks needed

      Price regulation

      Alcohol minimum unit price in England

      Owner: DHSC, Parliament, public health and enforcement bodies. Cost: Enforcement, treatment support and evaluation plus household burdens and retailer effects; low fiscal cost is not full costing..

      Assessment range and limitations

      Range if completed: 20 to 23 out of 30 (equal weights). Not yet assessed: incremental affordability.

      Topic: Health

    • Build family hubs around what worked

      Delivery risk: AmberFurther checks needed

      Service capacity

      Family hubs built on Sure Start features

      Owner: DfE, councils and health partners in England. Cost: Premises, staffing, outreach, recurring services and evaluation beyond existing allocations..

      Assessment range and limitations

      Range if completed: 17 to 20 out of 30 (equal weights). Not yet assessed: incremental affordability.

      Topic: Health

    • Test mental-health support in schools

      Delivery risk: AmberFurther checks needed

      Service access

      School mental health

      Owner: Education and health commissioners, schools and providers. Cost: Practitioner time, supervision, specialist referrals, school time and follow-up..

      Assessment range and limitations

      Range if completed: 15 to 21 out of 30 (equal weights). Not yet assessed: expected incremental benefit, incremental affordability.

      Topic: Health

    • Make effective smoking treatment reach more people

      Delivery risk: AmberFurther checks neededStandalone addition

      Prevention · Service access

      Expand access to established behavioural support plus suitable cessation treatment for a defined underserved adult group; cardiovascular prevention is a separate, unscored option.

      Owner: public-health commissioners and health providers. Cost: Verify service gap and current funding; cost adviser time, treatment, referral and follow-up. Measure sustained quits and inequalities, with adverse effects monitored. Proposed owners: public-health commissioners and health providers..

      Assessment range and limitations

      Range if completed: 21 to 24 out of 30 (equal weights). Not yet assessed: incremental affordability.

      Topic: Health

    • Make heat protection operational in vulnerable settings

      Delivery risk: AmberFurther checks needed

      Prevention

      Assess overheating in selected care settings and homes, then commission proportionate cooling, shading and response plans.

      Owner: Health/care providers, councils and landlords with public-health advice.. Cost: Incremental lifetime costs and funding not established. Use risk-based standards; a mild summer is not proof the intervention worked..

      Assessment range and limitations

      Range if completed: 17 to 23 out of 30 (equal weights). Not yet assessed: expected incremental benefit, incremental affordability.

      Topic: Social care

    Alternatives already on record on the topic page: 34 under its SWOT points and 4 earlier options compared, not scored in the review. See them on Health.

  5. Step 5: SWOT points it addressesIn place

  6. Step 6: The action and its assessmentIn place

    The action card on Health: Get effective depression treatment to adults missing out

    A70Delivery risk: AmberGate: pending

    Get effective depression treatment to adults missing out

    Existing action A70, assessed at the same scope.

    Not stated in the review record; treated as a provisional single-reviewer assessment, not an approved business case.

    Who and where
    Adults in England with depression for whom NICE recommends psychological therapy, starting with integrated care boards covering the most deprived tenth of areas, where reliable recovery is lowest. (from the action record) Jurisdiction: England.
    Result so far
    Range if completed: 19.0–22.0 out of 30 (equal weights; not yet assessed: incremental affordability (Co))
    Funded now (baseline)
    Funded baseline: NHS Talking Therapies (1.81m referrals and 674,683 finished courses in England in 2025–26), with ring-fenced funding and a planning target of 805,000 courses by the end of 2026/27 and 915,000 by 2028/29. Targeting extra capacity at the areas with the lowest completion and recovery is a UK Facts proposal, not government policy. (from the action record)
    The change assessed (marginal)
    Close a verified access gap for clinically appropriate NICE-recommended adult depression treatment, with supervision and an escalation route. (from the 6 October review)
    What the evidence supports—and the next decision

    NICE supports clinically appropriate treatments; that evidence does not quantify the effect or budget of expanding a particular local service.

    AI-assisted analytical follow-up · 8 October 2026. Proposed appraisal design; the attributed scores below are unchanged. No funding or delivery agreement is implied.

    Define the change
    Identify an underserved adult depression cohort and a specified NICE-consistent treatment pathway with supervision and escalation.
    Test whether it works
    Symptoms, functioning, recovery, deterioration and access against commissioned care, with follow-up and appropriate clinical oversight.
    Establish the cost
    Triage, treatment sessions, supervision, follow-up and escalation × realistic caseloads; cost-effectiveness is distinct from the available budget.
    Protect against harm
    Use shared decisions, safeguard patients and protect provision for severe or complex needs.

    Read with the outcome evidence and sources in the full assessment. Monitoring proposals are not existing baseline measurements. A numerical benefit or cost score needs evidence for the defined increment, not just the scale of the problem.

    Full assessment of Get effective depression treatment to adults missing out: ten criteria, scenarios, delivery, costs and monitoring

    The ten criteria (0–3)

    Each criterion is scored 0 to 3 by the reviewer. “Not yet assessed” means unknown: it is never counted as zero.

    1. Scale and severity (Sc)3 of 3 — Severe harm across a broad population

    2. Increment beyond baseline (Ad)2 of 3 — Specific material change to existing delivery

    3. Confidence in the proposed action (Ev)2 of 3 — Relevant evaluated evidence with limitations

    4. Expected incremental benefit (Bn)2 of 3 — Material for the target population

    5. Residual harms (Hm)2 of 3 — Manageable harm with specified safeguards

    6. Incremental affordability (Co)Not yet assessed

    7. Delivery capacity (Ca)1 of 3 — Binding scarce resource

    8. Distribution (Fa)3 of 3 — Benefits concentrated on disadvantaged people with assessed burdens

    9. Meaningful first outcome (Ti)2 of 3 — More than one and up to three years

    10. Readiness (Rd)2 of 3 — Named commissioning/allocation/coordination step

    Four weightings

    Normalised as 10 × weighted sum ÷ sum of weights, on a 0–30 scale. Where a criterion is not yet assessed, the range is the lowest and highest result if it were later scored 0 or 3 — not a score, a confidence interval or a rank.

    • Equal weights: Range if completed: 19.0–22.0 out of 30. Not yet assessed: incremental affordability (Co). Funding gate: not passed.
    • Evidence doubled: Range if completed: 19.1–21.8 out of 30. Not yet assessed: incremental affordability (Co). Funding gate: not passed.
    • Scale doubled: Range if completed: 20.0–22.7 out of 30. Not yet assessed: incremental affordability (Co). Funding gate: not passed.
    • Cost ignored (the funding gate still applies): Range if completed: 21.1–21.1 out of 30. Not yet assessed: incremental affordability (Co). The missing criteria carry no weight here, so the ends meet; the record is still incomplete. Funding gate: not passed.

    Funding gate: Not passed — the cost is not yet assessed or no allocation is committed for this scope. Ignoring cost in a weighting never removes the gate.

    Delivery risk and gate

    Delivery risk shown: AmberReview’s claim: Amber. Best the recorded evidence allows: Amber.

    Review’s reason: Verify unmet clinical need and commissioned care; cost therapists, supervision, triage, follow-up and escalation; monitor symptoms, functioning, deterioration and access. Proposed owners: NHS commissioners and providers; jurisdiction-specific.

    Why it is not Green yet

    • Scope (population, place and increment) not verified against the delivery baseline.
    • No verified owner with the powers in place.
    • Delivery capacity not verified.
    • Lifetime incremental costs not complete.
    • No credible funding (a committed allocation for the scope).
    • Safeguards not specified.
    • Monitoring lacks a metric, a data source or a baseline.

    Green needs verified scope, a verified owner with the powers, verified capacity, complete lifetime costs with credible funding, specified safeguards and monitoring with a metric, source and baseline. Amber means appraisal gaps remain; Red means a material delivery obstacle. Red does not mean unimportant.

    Gate: Pending — appraisal incomplete (review label: “Pending baseline verification, incremental costing and funding; not a rollout approval”).

    Why: Scores incomplete; Funding gate not passed (cost unknown or no credible funding).

    The gate is separate from national list membership: being listed does not make an option eligible, and an eligible option need not be listed.

    Cost and funding

    Lifetime costing: Not established. Review: “Not fully costed in this review”.

    Still to cost: Verify unmet clinical need and commissioned care; cost therapists, supervision, triage, follow-up and escalation; monitor symptoms, functioning, deterioration and access. Proposed owners: NHS commissioners and providers; jurisdiction-specific.

    Funding status: not identified.

    Owner, powers and capacity

    Proposed owner: NHS commissioners and providers; jurisdiction-specific (proposed, unverified).

    Powers: needs a decision or allocation. Capacity: binding constraint.

    Powers and capacity read from the review’s Rd and Ca anchors; no proposed owner has agreed to act (the review: “Proposed owners have not agreed to act”).

    England:
    NHS England and integrated care boards, with NHS Talking Therapies providers (action record)
    Scotland:
    not assessed
    Wales:
    not assessed
    Northern Ireland:
    not assessed

    Scotland reports psychological therapies against an 18-week standard (80.7% started within 18 weeks, quarter ending June 2026, against 90%); Wales provides primary-care mental health services under the Mental Health (Wales) Measure 2010; Northern Ireland was not checked. Not comparable with NHS Talking Therapies.

    Dependencies, safeguards and risks

    Depends on: None recorded.

    Safeguards

    None specified yet.

    Monitoring and measured results

    Metric: Define and baseline the outcome described in delivery requirements before approval.

    Data source: Not yet named. Baseline: Not yet established.

    Measures already on the domain page

    A page measure is not necessarily the review’s metric; linking the two is an editorial decision still to be made.

    Evidence for the outcome

    Outcome: Define and baseline the outcome described in delivery requirements before approval.

    NICE provides treatment evidence and clinical recommendations. They do not establish that a new access pathway reaches additional patients or that sufficient therapists are available.

    Sources: nice.org.uk (P-GC-NICE-NG222)

    Review record

    Assessment status: Not stated in the review record; treated as a provisional single-reviewer assessment, not an approved business case.

    Reviewer: Original assessment author (name not supplied). Reviewed: 6 October 2026.

    Scored in the working review of 6 October 2026 on the shared ten-criterion scale (one reviewer); not independently calibrated.

    An editorial screening framework by one reviewer, not a formal appraisal or business case. Proposed owners have not agreed to act.

  7. Step 7: Measured resultsPartly in place

    Judged on: Define and baseline the outcome described in delivery requirements before approval.

    Data source: not yet named. Baseline: not yet established.

    A page measure is not necessarily the option’s metric, and a measure moving is not proof that the option caused it.